Immersion Heaters Chemical Corrosion Chart

Please find below a comprehensive-ish table, detailing the suitability of sheath materials for immersion heaters heating various chemicals, their suggested watt density at various dosing ratios, and related notes listed at bottom of table.

If you have any additions, amendments or suggestions, please contact Jamie on 01827 215684 or at immhtr@gmail.com

SOLUTION CARBON STEEL INCOL0Y 800 STAINLESS STEEL 316L TITANIUM TEFLON SUGGESTED WATTS
DENSITY W/IN²
NOTES
ACETIC ACID 100% X B A A A 23
ACETIC ACID 50% X B A A A 15
ACETONE 100% BC A A A A 2
ACTANE A 1
ALCOA BRIGHT DIP R5 A 1
ALLYL ALCOHOL BC A A B A 2
ALCOHOL BC A A A A 23-26 Still 17
ALUMINIUM BRIGHT DIP A
ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE X X X B A 1
ALUMINIUM CLEANERS C A A B 1
ALUMINIUM SULPHATE X BC BC A A 1
ALUM X BC BC A A 1
AMMONIA ANHYDROUS A C A A A
AMMONIA GAS C C A A A
AMMONIUM BIFLOURIDE X X BC X A
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE X C C A A
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE BC A A A A
AMMONIUM NITRATE A BC A C A
AMMONIUM PERSULPHATE X C BC A
AMMONIUM SULPHATE <40% X A BC A A
AMYL ALCOHOL A B BC A A 23-26
ANILINE C B A A A
ANODIZING X X X X A
ARP 28 A 1
ARP 80 QUARTZ ONLY
ARSENIC ACID X B B X A
ASPHALT A A B A A 6 TO 10 2
BARIUM HYDROXIDE BC B B AC A
BARIUM SULPHATE C AC B A A 55
BEER X B A B A 30-40
BLACK NICKEL A 23 5
BLACK LIQUOR X BC A 15
BLEACH 5.5% CLOROX X BC A 15-23
BORIC ACID X A BC A A
BRIGHT NICKEL A 23 1,5
BRONZE PLATING A
BUTANOL BC A A B A 2
CADMIUM FLUBORATE A 1
CALCIUM CHLORATE B B BC B A
CALCIUM CHLORIDE SAT B B B A A
CARBON DIOXIDE DRY GAS B A A AC A 10 TO 23
CARBON DIOXIDE WET GAS X A B BC A 10 TO 23
C A A A A 23-26
CARBONIC ACID – PHENOL B AC A A A
CASTOR OIL A A B A 23-26
CAUSTIC – sodium hydroxide dave yes A 25
CAUSTIC ETCH A A A A 15-26
CAUSTIC SODA SEE SODIUM HYDR
CHLORINE GAS DRY C A BC X B
CHLORINE GAS WET X X X X B
CHLOROACETIC ACID X C X A A
CHROMIC ACETATE- QUARTZ ONLY
CHROMIC ACID 40% X X B A X
CHROMIC ANODIZING – QUARTZ ONLY
CHROMYLITE – QUARTZ ONLY
CITRIC ACID (CONC) X AC A A A
CLEAR CHROMATE A A 1
COBALT NICKEL – QUARTZ ONLY
COD LIVER OIL A A 23-26
COPPER ACID A
COPPER BRIGHT – 304 SS ONLY
COPPER BRIGHT ACID – QUARTZ ONLY
COPPER C HLORIDE X B X A A
COPPER CYANIDE B B AC A
COPPER FLUBORATE B B A
COPPER NITRATE X BC A B A
COPPER PYROPHOSPHATE- 304 SS ONLY
COPPER STRIKE A 1
COPPER SULPHATE X B B A A
CREOSOTE A B B A 6 TO 15 2
CRESYLIC ACID 50% BC C A B A 2
demineralised water has to be s/s screwplug for purity reasons
DEIONIZED WATER electropolish Dave A A
DEOXIDIZER ETCHING-QUARTZ ONLY
DEOXIDIZER (3AL-13 NON CHROME) A 1
DETERGENTS B B A A 40-55
DICHROMIC SEAL X A
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL AC B A A A
DIVERSEY-DS9333 – QUARTZ ONLY
DIVERSEY-511 – QUARTZ ONLY
DIVERSEY 514 A 1
DOWTHERM DIPHENYL A A A 23
DUR NU A 23 1,5
ELECTRO CLEANER A 1
ELECTROPOLISHING – QUARTZ ONLY
ELECTROLESS NICKEL A A 1
ELECTROLESS TIN (ACID) A 1
ELECTROLESS TIN (ALKALINE) A A 1
ENTHONE ACID 80 A 1
ETHERS GENERAL B A A B A 2
ETHYL CHLORIDE B A A A A 2
ETHYLENE GLYCOL (heat transfer fluid) A A A A A 23-26 5
FATTY ACIDS X AC A A A 23-26
FERRIC CHLORIDE X X X A A
FERRIC NITRATE(<50%) X X X A A
FERRIC SULPHATE X C AC A A
FLUOBORATE A
FLUOBORIC ACID AC AC X A
FLOURINE GAS DRY X C A X C
FORMALDEHYDE X B AC A A
FORMIC ACID (10-85%) X B B C A
FREON C A A 3 TO 9
FRUIT JUICES PULP X A B A A 30-40
FUEL OIL A A A A 6 TO 15 2 3 7
FUEL OIL ACID X C B A 6 TO10 2 3 7
GASOHOL B C B A 23-26
GASOLENE (REFINED) B B B 23 2 5
GASOLENE (SOUR) B C B A 23 2 3 5
GLYCERIN (GLYCEROL) B A A A A
GLYCOL A A 15
GREY NICKEL A A 23 1 5
HEAT TRANSFER OILS (ETHYLENE GLYCOL) 23-26
Hydraulic Oil is a light or thin oil 23-26
HYDROCARBONS ALIPHATIC A A A 23-26 2
HYDROCARBONS AROMATIC A A A 23-26 2
HYDROCHLORIC ACID (DILUTE) X BC X B A 20-30
HYDROCHLORIC ACID (50%) X X X X A 15-25
HYDROCYANIC ACID (10%) B B B A
HYDROFLOURIC ACID (DILUTE) X X X X A 23 5
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (90%) X B AC B
INDIUM A 1
IRIDITE A 1
IRIDITE DYES A 1
IRILAC A 1
IRON FLUOBORATE A 1
IRON PHOSPHATE A
ISOPREP DEOXIDIZER A 1
ISOPREP CLEANER #186 A 1
ISOPREP 191 ACID SALTS A 1
JETAL – QUARTZ ONLY
JET FUEL JP4 B B A
KEROSENE B A B 23-26 2
LACQUER SOLVENTS A B A A 23-26 2
LEAD ACETATE X A B A A
LEAD ACID SALTS – QUARTZ ONLY
LIME SATUURATED WATER B B A C 23-40
LINSEED OIL A A B A 23-26
LUBRICATING OIL A A B A 23-26
MACHINE OIL A A B A 23-26
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE BC B B A
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE A B B B A
MAGNESIUM NITRATE B A B B A
MAGNESIUM SULFATE BC B B B A
manganese phosphate see zinc phospahate
MCDERMID #629 – QUARTZ ONLY
MERCURIC CHLORIDE X X B B
MERCURY A A A A
METHYL ALCOHOL B A B A A 2
METHYL BROMIDE C B A A
METHYL CHLORIDE X C AC A A
METHYLENE CHLORIDE BC B B A A
MILK B A A 30-40
MINERAL OIL B AC B A A 23-26
MURIATIC SEE HYDROCHLORIC
NAPHTHA A A A A A 2
NICKEL ACETATE A 1
NICKEL CHLORIDE X B BC A A 23 1 5
NICKEL PLATE BRIGHT X C B A 23 1 5
NICKEL PLATE DULL X C B A 23 1 5
NICKEL PLATE WATTS SOLUTION A A 23 1 5
NICKEL SULPHATE X C B A
NICKEL COPPER STRIKE AC
NITRIC ACID X AC AC A A 15
NITRIC & HYDROCHLORIC ACID X X BC X A 15
NITRIC & 6% PHOSPHORIC ACID A A 15 1
NITRIC & SODIUM CHROMATE A A 1
NITRIC & SULFURIC ACID 50%-50% X AC A 15
NITROBENZENE B B B A A 2
OAKITE #67 304 SS ONLY
OLEIC ACID BC AC AC AC A
OLIVE OIL B B A 23-26
OXALIC ACID (50%) X AC B X A
PAINT STRIPPER (HIGH ALKALINE) A 30-40 1
PAINT STRIPPER (SOLVENT) A 23-26 1 2
PARAFFIN A A A 42156 2 7
PARKERIZING SEE IRON PHOSPHATE
PEANUT OIL B 23-26
PERCHLOROETHYLENE A A AC A 23
PETROLEUM OILS (REFINED) B A 23-26 2 3 7
PETROLEUM OILS (SOUR) B B 15-23 2 3 7
PHENOL (CARBOLIC ACID) B AC A A A
PHOSPHATES (GENERIC) AC 23-40 1 5 9
PHOSPHATE CLEANERS AC X 23-40 1 5 9
PHOSPHATIZING A X 23 1 5 9
PHOSPHORIC ACID (25-50%) X C BC X A 23 5 9
PICRIC ACID X
PLATING SOLUTIONS – BRASS B A A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – CADMIUM B A A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – CHROME 25% X BC B A A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – CHROME 40% X X B A A 15-20 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – COBALT=QUARTZ 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – COPPER AC A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – GOLD (CYANIDE) AC AC A 15-20 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – GOLD (ACID) A A 15-20 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – NICKEL AC A A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – SILVER C X A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – TIN C X A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – TIN NICKEL A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – TIN ALKALINE A 15-20 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – ZINC A A 23-35 1
PLATING SOLUTIONS – ZINC ACID=QUARTZ
PLATING SOLUTIONS – ZINC CYANIDE A 15-20 1
POTASSIUM ALUMINIUM SULPHATE X BC A A 1
POTASSIOM BICHROMATE C B B AC A
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE 30% BC B A A
POTASSIUM CYANIDE 30% BC B B X A
POTASSIUM – HYDROCHLORIC SOLUTION A 1
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE 27% BC B B X A
POTASSIUM NITRATE 80% B BC A A A
POTASSIUM SULPHATE 10% BC BC A A A
REYNOLDS BRIGHTENER A 1
RHODIUM HYDROXIDE A
ROCHELLE SALT – CYANIDE A 1
RUTHENIUM PLATING A 1
SILICON OILS B B 23-26
SILVER BROMIDE X AC X A A
SILVER CYANIDE C AC AC A A
SILVER LUME = 304 SS ONLY
SILVER NITRATE X BC AC AC A
SOAP SOLUTIONS BC AC BC A 55 3
SODIUM LIQUID METAL C AC A
SODIUM BICHROMATE B B B C A
SODIUM BISULPHATE C BC BC BC A
SODIUM BROMIDE (10%) C B BC C A
SODIUM CARBONATE C AC B A A
SODIUM CHLORATE X AC B A A
SODIUM CHLORIDE C A C A A 11
SODIUM CITRATE X AC B A A
SODIUM CYANIDE X BC AC C A 30-40
SODIUM DICHROMATE (HOT SEAL) BC BC A A 1
SODIUM HYDROXIDE – lye/caustic soda – inline expensive C B AC AC A 15 6,8
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE – bleach? X X X A A 20
SODIUM NITRATE B A AC AC A 23 5
SODIUM PEROXIDE (10%) BC B B A
SODIUM PHOSPHATE (NEUTRAL) B B B B A
SODIUM SALYCILATE B B B A
SODIUM SILICATE B AC B A A 4
SODIUM SULFATE B AC A C A
SODIUM SULFIDE (<50%) X AC BC C A
SODIUM STANNATE C B B A
SODIUM THIOSULFATE X B B AC A
SOLDER BATH X X X X X 4
STEAM (MEDIUM PRESSURE) C A BC 10-15
STEARIC ACID C AC A A
SUGAR SOLUTION A A A A A 10-23 7
SULFAMATE NICKEL X AC A
SULFAMIC ACID X AC A
SULFUR X A A A
SULFUR CHLORIDE (DRY) X AC BC A
SULFUR DIOXIDE (DRY) AC AC B A 15-23
SULFUR DIOXIDE (WET) X BC B A 10-20
SULFURIC ACID (10-50%) X BC X X A 15
SULFURIC ACID (98%) X BC BC X A 15
SULFUROUS ACID X A BC A A
TANNIC ACID X B B AC A
TIN (MOLTEN) X X 20 4
TRICHLOROETHANE A A A A
TRICHLORETHYLENE BC AC B A A 23
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL A A A 23
TRIOXIDE (PICKLE) A 1
TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE BC AC A
TURCO 4181 (ALKALINE CLEANER) A 1
TURCO 4008 (DESCALER) A 23 1,5
TURCO 4338 (OXIDISER) A 1,7
TURCO ULTRASONIC SOLUTION A 1
UBAC (QURTZ ONLY)
UNICHROME CR110 A 1
UNICHROME 5RHS A 1
VEGETABLE OIL B A B 23-26
WATER DEIONISED X A A 50-75 10
WATER DEMINERALISED X A A 50-75 10
WATER PURE (DISTILLED) X A A 50-75 10
WATER PROCESS X A BC A A 50-75 10,11
WATER POTABLE X A BC A A 50-75 10,11
WATER SALT BRINE X AC BC 55 10,11
WATER SEA X AC BC A A 55 10,11
WATTS NICKEL STRIKE (QUARTZ ONLY) 1
WHISKEY X A 55 1
WINES X A 55 2
WOODS NICKEL STRIKE (QUARTZ ONLY) 1
YELLOW DICHROMATE A 1
ZINC MOLTEN X X X X
ZINC CHLORIDE X BC B B A
ZINC PHOSPHATE A X 23 1,5
ZINCATE A 1

Notes

A GOOD – B fair to good – C DEPENDS ON CONDITIONS
1 MIXTURE OR COMPOUND CHECK
WITH CHEMICAL SUPPLIER FOR
SUITABLE SHEATH MATERIAL
2 CAUTION FLAMMABLE MATERIAL
3 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION VARIES
CHECK WITH CHEMICAL SUPPLIER
FOR RECOMMENDATIONS
4 DIRECT IMMERSION HEATERS NOT
USUALLY PRACTICAL
5 ELEMENT SURFACE LOADING
NOT TO EXCEED 23 W/IN²
6 FOR CONCENTRATIONS >15%
SURFACE LOADING
NOT TO EXCEED 23 W/IN²
7 CONCENTRATIONS VARY WIDELY
8 REMOVE CRUSTS AT LIQUID
LEVEL
9 CLEAN OFTEN
10 PASSIVATE S/S FOR
MAXIMUM CORROSSION
RESISTANCE
11 S/S MAY BE SUBJECT TO
CHLORIDE OR STRESS CORROSION
CRACKING
12SUGGESTED WATTS DO NOT
APPLY TO TEFLON WHICH MAY
NEED LOWER WATTS DENSITY
 

 

For your information, our Over the Side Vat Heaters are available in SS316L, SS321, Titanium & PTFE / Teflon.

3kW SS Vat Heater Single Phase
3kW SS Vat Heater Single Phase

Our Immersion Heaters and Elements are available in Incoloy 800, “a superior stainless steel”.

Industrial Immersion Heater UK